Identifying the Ultimate Buffer System- Which of the Following Options is the Correct Answer-

Which of the following is a buffer system? This question often arises in chemistry, particularly when discussing acid-base equilibria. A buffer system is crucial in maintaining a stable pH level in various biological and chemical processes. In this article, we will explore the characteristics of buffer systems and identify the correct answer to the question.

A buffer system consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. These components work together to resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. The key to a buffer system’s effectiveness lies in the equilibrium between the weak acid and its conjugate base, or the weak base and its conjugate acid.

Now, let’s examine the possible answers to the question “Which of the following is a buffer system?” and determine the correct one.

1. Water (H2O)
Water can act as a buffer to some extent, as it can donate or accept a proton (H+). However, it is not a typical buffer system since it lacks a weak acid or base and its conjugate. Therefore, water is not the correct answer.

2. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa)
This combination is a classic example of a buffer system. Acetic acid is a weak acid, and sodium acetate is its conjugate base. When a small amount of acid or base is added to this mixture, the buffer system can resist changes in pH. Thus, this option is a correct answer.

3. Sodium chloride (NaCl)
Sodium chloride is a salt that dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-) in water. It does not contain a weak acid or base and its conjugate, so it is not a buffer system. Therefore, this option is not the correct answer.

4. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid and does not have a conjugate base. Since a buffer system requires a weak acid and its conjugate base, hydrochloric acid is not the correct answer.

In conclusion, the correct answer to the question “Which of the following is a buffer system?” is option 2: Acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa). This combination is an excellent example of a buffer system, as it can effectively resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.