Decoding the Legacy of Saint Thomas à Becket- The Life and Impact of the Iconic Archbishop
Who is Saint Thomas a Becket? Saint Thomas a Becket, also known as Thomas of Canterbury, was an English priest, monk, and archbishop who played a significant role in the history of the Church and the state during the 12th century. Born in 1118, he became the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1162 and his life was marked by a strong commitment to the principles of church reform and his defense of the Church’s independence from the state. His life and legacy have been celebrated in numerous ways, from art and literature to the establishment of his feast day, which is still observed today.
The story of Saint Thomas a Becket begins with his early years in the English town of Cheapside. After receiving an education at the University of Paris, he became a close advisor to King Henry II. His intellect and piety soon caught the attention of the king, who appointed him to various positions within the Church, including Dean of Bec Abbey in Normandy. In 1162, Becket was elected Archbishop of Canterbury, a position that would bring him into direct conflict with the king.
King Henry II had ambitious plans for England and sought to centralize power, which often put him at odds with the Church. Saint Thomas a Becket, however, was a steadfast advocate for the Church’s independence and its right to govern itself without interference from the state. This conflict reached its peak when the king sought to have Becket arrested for his opposition to some of his policies. The archbishop, determined to uphold the Church’s rights, refused to submit to the king’s demands.
The situation escalated in 1170 when four knights, acting on the king’s orders, entered Canterbury Cathedral and killed Saint Thomas a Becket during Mass. The murder shocked the Christian world and led to widespread protests against the king. In response, Pope Alexander III excommunicated Henry II, forcing him to renounce his claim to the throne and seek absolution from the Church.
The assassination of Saint Thomas a Becket has been a source of inspiration for countless people throughout history. His dedication to the principles of church reform and his unwavering commitment to the independence of the Church have made him a revered figure in the Catholic faith. In 1173, the king was forced to resign and spent the remainder of his life in penance for his role in the archbishop’s murder.
In 1170, Pope Alexander III canonized Saint Thomas a Becket, declaring him a martyr for the faith. His feast day, July 29th, is celebrated annually by Catholics around the world. Over the centuries, the story of Saint Thomas a Becket has been immortalized in art, literature, and music, with his legacy continuing to inspire those who seek to uphold the principles of justice, integrity, and the separation of church and state. Who is Saint Thomas a Becket? He is a symbol of courage, faith, and the eternal struggle between the power of the state and the power of the Church.
